The digital SAT provides a reference sheet for some geometry and other formulas. You still need to know when and how to apply them.
SAT Math Formulas You Should Know
Written by Ascend Academic mentors—students from top universities helping others succeed.
The SAT Math section rewards fluency with core formulas and the ability to apply them quickly. Here’s a focused list of what shows up most.
Algebra and Linear Relationships
Know slope-intercept form, point-slope form, and how to solve systems of linear equations. Word problems often translate into linear equations or inequalities.
Quadratics and Functions
Vertex form, the quadratic formula, and the relationship between roots and factors. Practice identifying key features of parabolas from equations and graphs.
Rates, Ratios, and Percent
Percent change = (new − old) / old × 100. For proportional reasoning, set up equivalent ratios. Unit rates appear in word problems—identify "per" and "per unit" language.
Core Formulas Quick Reference
| Topic | Formula or concept |
|---|---|
| Slope | m = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁) |
| Quadratic formula | x = (−b ± √(b² − 4ac)) / 2a |
| Area of circle | A = πr² |
| Pythagorean theorem | a² + b² = c² |
The College Board's reference sheet includes additional geometry formulas. Practice applying each in context.
Where to Go From Here
Use this list as a checklist. For deeper practice and strategy, see our SAT math tips and SAT section breakdown or math tutoring for ongoing support.
FAQ
Practice until the high-yield ones are automatic. For the rest, derive from basics when possible (e.g. slope from two points).
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